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January-March 2013 Volume 31 | Issue 1
Page Nos. 1-60
Online since Monday, May 27, 2013
Accessed 104,885 times.
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EDITORIAL |
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Dental journals in India: A boon or bane ? |
p. 1 |
ND Shashikiran DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112391 PMID:23727734 |
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REVIEW ARTICLE |
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Dental implants in growing children  |
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SK Mishra, N Chowdhary, R Chowdhary DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112392 PMID:23727735The replacement of teeth by implants is usually restricted to patients with completed craniofacial growth. The aim of this literature review is to discuss the use of dental implants in normal growing patients and in patients with ectodermal dysplasia and the influence of maxillary and mandibular skeletal and dental growth on the stability of those implants. It is recommended that while deciding the optimal individual time point of implant insertion, the status of skeletal growth, the degree of hypodontia, and extension of related psychological stress should be taken into account, in addition to the status of existing dentition and dental compliance of a pediatric patient. |
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
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Hemodynamic, ventilator, and ECG changes in pediatric patients undergoing extraction |
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YK Sanadhya, S Sanadhya, S Jalihal, R Nagarajappa, G Ramesh, M Tak DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112393 PMID:23727736Background: Dental treatment induces pain anxiety and fear. This study was conducted to assess the changes in hemodynamic, ventilator, and electrocardiograph changes during extraction procedure among 12-15-year-old children and compare these changes with anxiety, fear, and pain. Materials and Methods: A purposive sample of 60 patients selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent study procedure in the dental OPD of a medical college and hospital. The anxiety, fear, and pain were recorded by dental anxiety scale, dental fear scale, and visual analogue scale, respectively, before the start of the procedure. The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and electrocardiogram changes were monitored during the extraction procedure. The recording was taken four times (preinjection phase, injection, extraction, and postextraction) and was analyzed. Results: At the preinjection phase the mean vales were systolic blood pressure (128 ± 11.2), diastolic blood pressure (85.7 ± 6.3), heart rate (79.7 ± 9.3), and oxygen saturation (97.9 ± 5.8). These values increased in injection phases and decreased in extraction phase and the least values were found after 10 min of procedure and this relation was significant for all parameters except oxygen saturation (P = 0.48, NS). ECG abnormalities were seen among 22 patients and were significant before and after injection of Local anesthetic (P = 0.0001, S). Conclusions: Anxiety, fear, and pain have an effect on hemodynamic, ventilator, and cardiovascular parameters during the extraction procedure and hence behavioral management has to be emphasized among children in dental clinics. |
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Comparison of the bleaching efficacy of three different agents used for intracoronal bleaching of discolored primary teeth: An in vitro study |
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R Ganesh, S Aruna, M Joyson, Manikandan , Deepa DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112394 PMID:23727737Everyone wants whiter teeth to make them feel younger and to provide beautiful smiles with the accompanying increase in self-esteem. Bleaching is an established, simple, cost-effective and conservative method for improving the color of the discolored teeth. Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the bleaching efficacy of 10% carbamide peroxide, 10% hydrogen peroxide and 2g sodium perborate as bleaching agents on the artificially discolored human primary maxillary central incisors. Materials and Methods: Forty extracted human primary central incisors with intact crowns were selected for the study. Pulpectomy was performed and each tooth was artificially stained with 2 ml of fresh human blood and centrifuged. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups of 10 teeth each and the baseline color evaluation was performed. 0.04 ml of the bleaching agent is syringed into the access cavity of the tooth and, in the control group, 0.04 ml of distilled water was syringed into the access cavity and it was sealed with IRM and placed at 37°C in an incubator throughout the experiment. The color of the bleached teeth was determined at 0, 7 and 14 days. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and Turkey's test. Results: There was statistical significance (P = 0.00) among the carbamide peroxide, sodium perborate, hydrogen peroxide and control groups after 7 and 14 days and a significance of P = 0.013 among the carbamide peroxide, sodium perborate and hydrogen peroxide after two bleaching sessions (day 14) was seen. Conclusions: The bleaching efficacy of 10% hydrogen peroxide gel was more effective than 10% carbamide peroxide and sodium perborate in bleaching the artificially discolored primary teeth. |
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Dental anxiety prediction using Venham Picture test: A preliminary cross-sectional study |
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M Agarwal, UM Das DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112397 PMID:23727738Anxiety or fearfulness affects a child's behavior, and to a large extent, determines the success of a dental treatment. It is essential to identify anxious children at the earliest age possible rather than simply deal with them later. It is crucial that every effort be made to ensure a positive experience for each child patient. Appropriate acknowledgment of patient's anxiety can solidify their confidence and allows the pediatric dentist an informed review of potential management options specific to every individual. In the present cross-sectional study, Venham Picture, a psychometric test, was used to estimate the prevalence of dental anxiety among children in the age group 6-10 years, with and without previous dental experience. |
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Oratest: A new concept to test caries activity |
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S Saxena, Siddharth Pundir, Jain Aena DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112400 PMID:23727739Caries activity tests are based on the concept of a specific odontogenic infection, the principle causative organism being streptococci mutans. Their predominance is attributed to its acidogenic and aciduric nature after a selective growth advantages over the other non- acid tolerant organisms. Many studies on caries activity are aimed at finding relevant microorganisms. Till date, the ideal method to evaluate in terms of sensitivity, specialization and reliability has not been found. Many of these caries activity tests require extensive work up time and additional equipment. Rosenberg et al. in 1989 developed Oratest, a simple, economical, non- invasive and less time-consuming test for estimating the oral microbial level. The test is simple and consists of rinsing the mouth with 10 ml of sterile milk, 3 ml of which is mixed with 0.12 ml of 0.1% methylene blue dye and observed for colour change. The present study sample consists of twenty five children with dental caries and twenty five controls, free of caries, gingivitis and other oral ailments. This study is being conducted in the department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology and is in the preliminary phase so further results are awaited. |
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In vitro remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions and assessment of dentine tubule occlusion from NaF dentifrices with and without calcium |
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AR Prabhakar, A Jaiswal Manojkumar, N Basappa DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112403 PMID:23727740Currently, fluoride is the most effective preventive treatment for remineralization of incipient carious lesions and dentinal hypersensitivity due to wasting disorders. The products containing fluoride, calcium and phosphate are also claim to remineralize early, non-cavitated enamel demineralization. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the efficacy of two such products, Tooth Mousse and Clinpro tooth crème on remineralization and tubule occluding ability with 5000ppm fluoride-containing toothpaste. Materials and Methods :Thirty third molar teeth were placed in demineralizing solution for 5 days such that only a window of 1mm x 5mm was exposed to the environment to produce artificial caries-like lesions and randomly assigned to three groups: Group I, 5000ppm sodium fluoride; Group II, GC MI paste plus and Group III, Clinpro tooth crème. Axial longitudinal sections of 140-160 μm of each tooth which included the artificial carious lesion taken and were photographed under polarized light microscope. The demineralized areas were then quantified with a computerized imaging system. The experimental materials were applied onto the tooth sections as a topical coating and subjected to pH-cycling for 28 days. To evaluate tubule occlusion ability, thirty dentin specimens of 2mm thickness were obtained from cervical third of sound third molars. Specimens were ultrasonicated and etched with 6% citric acid for 2 minutes to simulate the hypersensitive dentin. Specimens were randomly divided into above mentioned three groups (n=10). The test agents were brushed over the specimens with an electric toothbrush, prepared and observed under Scanning Electron Microscope for calculation of the percentage of occluded tubules. Results: Group I showed a significantly greater percentage of remineralization than Group III and Group II. Comparison of the remineralization potential between group II and group III were not significant.In case of dentine hypersensitivity, Group I and group III showed greater percentage of tubule occlusion ability than Group II. Intergroup comparison of the tubule occlusion potential of group I and group III were not significant. Interpretation and Conclusion: Within the limitations of our study, sodium fluoride showed relatively greatest remineralizing and dentinal tubule occlusion property when compared with GC MI paste plus and Clinpro tooth crème. |
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Validation of Tanaka and Johnston's analysis in western UP Indian population |
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B Srivastava, HP Bhatia, R Singh, AK Singh, A Aggarwal, N Gupta DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112405 PMID:23727741Objective: To examine the applicability of the Tanaka and Johnston's method of prediction in a western UP population and to develop a new prediction method for this specific population if necessary. Materials and Methods: 150 western UP school children (87 males and 63 females) with a mean age of 15.5 years were randomly selected. The mesio-distal crown diameters of the permanent canine and premolars were measured and comparisons were done between the actual tooth sizes and the values predicted by the Tanaka and Johnston method. Results: Significant sexual dimorphism was found in the tooth sizes. There were significant differences between the actual measurements and the predicted measurements derived by the Tanaka and Johnston prediction method. New linear regression equations were derived for both the genders for tooth size prediction in western UP population. Conclusion: There are limitations in the application of the Tanaka and Johnston's prediction method to a western UP population. A gender discrepancy is seen between the males and the females. New regression equations were formulated for both the males and the females separately. |
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CASE REPORTS |
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Nonfamilial cherubism |
p. 43 |
A Trivedi, SD Gupta, S Sharma, R Mehta DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112408 PMID:23727742Cherubism is a non neoplastic progressive heredity disease affecting the jaw bones. It is a benign disease with a characteristic symmetrical involvement of the maxilla and mandible. It usually affects children before 5 years of age, with painless progressive swelling of the cheeks, frequently associated with dental malformations. Here, we are presenting a case report of a 12-year-old boy suffering from cherubism. |
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Treatment of nursing bottle caries with ribbond |
p. 48 |
Ritu Jindal, Gurlal Singh Brar DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112412 PMID:23727744Ribbond is a biocompatible, esthetic material made from high-strength polyethylene fiber. Lenowoven polyethylene ribbon (Ribbond) has been used successfully for tooth splinting, replacement of missing teeth, reinforcement of provisional acrylic resin fixed partial dentures, and orthodontic retention. This article presents the application of this polyethylene ribbon - RIBBOND - for the treatment of nursing bottle caries. To conclude we suggest that this combined technique of polyethylene fibers and composite material could be a very efficient alternative procedure to conventional treatment plans in pedodontic practice, with excellent esthetics and functional results. |
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Tooth fragment embedded in the upper lip after dental trauma: A case report presenting an immediate diagnostic approach and complete rehabilitation |
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A Agarwal, U Rehani, V Rana, N Gambhir DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112415 PMID:23727745Dental traumas are reasonably common, especially in children and adolescents. They are caused by many factors with fall accounting for the most frequent one. Dental trauma requires a special consideration when dental fractures accompany soft tissue lacerations. Dental fragments occasionally penetrate into soft tissue and may cause severe complications. Early diagnosis and surgical removal of these fragments could prevent undesirable foreign body reaction and scarring. This report presents immediate diagnosis and management of a case in which dental fragment was embedded in the lip soft tissue. |
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Early class III management in deciduous dentition using reverse twin block  |
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SS Sargod, N Shetty, A Shabbir DOI:10.4103/0970-4388.112418 PMID:23727746Class III malocclusion poses a challenging dilemma for the clinician because these children have of growth patterns that differ from that of children with class I malocclusion. The mandible grows more rapidly than the maxilla, exacerbating the class III malocclusion as the child go through adolescence. Ever since Clark described a version of the twin block, it has steadily gained popularity in the management of early class III malocclusion in children. However, not many cases are reported in the literature on its use in deciduous dentition. This article tries to provide an insight into the reverse twin block appliance and reports two cases of early class III malocclusion treated using reverse twin block. |
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ERRATUM |
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Erratum |
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PMID:23727743 |
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