This comparative investigation was carried out to evaluate the remineralization potential on early artificial carious lesions under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of a Mineral enriched mouthrinse and a fluoridated dentifrice using an in-vivo intra-oral removable appliance model. This findings revealed that the remineralization was found to have occurred in almost all the samples (in children) using non-fluoridated, fluoridated dentifrices as well as those using mineral enriched mouthrinse. However the qualitative analysis of the remineralization revealed that in case of non-fluoridated dentifrice group, the prismatic holes showed deposition of granular, variable sized particles with uneven distribution, while in fluoridated dentifrice group, deposits were found to have partially but more densely filled up the prism cores. In case of mineral enriched mouthrinse group these deposits were found to be in the form of amorphous globular precipitate.

The present study was conducted to assess the effects of mouth breathing, lip seal and upper lip coverage on gingival health of children. 240 school children aged 10-14 years were selected irrespective of sex race and socioeconomic status. They were divided into two major groups i.e. mouth breathers and normal breathers. These groups were further subdivided into six sub-groups or categories on the basis of lip seal and upper incisor coverage. Gingival index was found to be higher in the mouth breathers than in the normal breathers in the subjects with incompetent lip seal. Increased lip separation and decreased upper lip coverage were all associated with higher levels of Plaque index and Gingival index. No statistical difference existed between mouth breathers and normal breathers with respect to Plaque index.

An epidemiological survey of the prevalence of dental caries and treatment need in the powerloom township of Bhiwandi revealed a prevalence level of 56.93%. The overall mean DMFT score was 1.25 +/- 1.34. Decayed teeth accounted for the largest component of the reported DMF teeth followed by an almost equal proportion of missing and filled teeth. Single surface restorations were the most frequent type of treatment required, followed by the two or more surface restorations, extractions and pulp therapy.

A pilot study was carried out in five mandibular primary molars using calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) Paste as root canal filling material to find out an alternative to the routinely used zinc oxide eugenol (ZnOE), which is non-resorbable and causes deflection of succedaneous teeth. The six month clinical and radiographic follow-up carried out at 2 months interval, revealed that the treated teeth with Ca(OH)2 as root canal filling material were successful, showing no pain and tenderness to percussion. A tendency for decrease in size of radiolucency was seen. Two teeth showed complete healing of the periradicular radiolucency. Depletion of Ca(OH)2 paste was seen from the root canals even prior to physiological resorption of roots in 2 out of 5 treated teeth.

Supernumerary teeth are among the most significant dental anomalies affecting the primary and the permanent dentitions. Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth with a cone shaped crown and a short root. Though it occurs frequently in the permanent dentition, it is extremely rare in the primary dentition. The exact etiology is still obscure and not well understood. Supernumerary teeth occur as isolated dental findings or as part of a syndrome. The frequency with which supernumerary teeth occur and the effects they have on development of normal occlusion justify the radiographic examination of preschool children. Early removal of such teeth is recommended if they impede the eruption of adjacent permanent teeth, appear inverted or rudimentary, associated with certain pathologic conditions or are symptomatic.

The science of bite mark analysis is relatively new and potentially valuable. This science has been greatly used in identifying the suspects involved in crimes related to sex, child abuse, and altercations of various types. Child abuse is presenting a serious social problem with global dimensions, which is increasing at an alarming rate in all socioeconomic strata and all ethnic or racial communities. The aim of the present study was to assess these bite marks and analyze the effectiveness of a simple technique used in the department of pedodontics and preventive dentistry, College of Dental Surgery, Manipal.

Presented here is a case of 7 years 6 month old child with an apically impacted mesiodens in relation to the developing root of right upper central incisor. The removal of mesiodens was deferred in order to avoid disturbance in the natural development of the upper central incisor. Serial X-rays are presented and case is discussed.